|
Location |
Defendant(s) |
Date of Alleged Crime |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Joseph Ward |
1895 |
|
Joseph
Ward, also
known as Joseph Winston, was convicted of being a purse-snatcher's
accomplice after being identified by eyewitnesses. The purse-snatcher had
been arrested in flagrante but jumped bail. After the
purse-snatcher was caught a few months later, he revealed his accomplice who
resembled Ward. Ward was pardoned in 1896 on the grounds of mistaken
identity. (BUSL) (CTI)
[11/05] |
| Suffolk County, MA |
Thomas Bram |
July 14, 1896 |
|
(Federal Case) Thomas M. Bram was sentenced to death
for murdering three people aboard a ship on the high seas. The crime
occurred about 2 a.m. aboard the Herbert E. Fuller, a cargo ship that was 750
miles into a voyage from Boston to Argentina. The victims were the captain, Charles I. Nash, his wife,
Laura A. Nash, and the second mate, August W. Blomberg. All were
hacked to death with an ax in the after house of the ship.
Read More by
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|
| Suffolk
County, MA |
John H. Chance |
Apr 4, 1898 (Boston) |
|
John H.
Chance and
another man, Arthur Hagan, were tried for the murder of Charles Lamont
Russell. Russell, a store clerk, was murdered during a robbery of
Chapin's drug store. Chance was convicted while Hagan was
acquitted. In 1905, Hagan confessed to committing the murder alone.
Having been acquitted, Hagan could not be retried. Further
investigation corroborated the truth of Hagan's confession. In 1911,
the Governor pardoned Chance. (BUSL) (CTI) [10/05] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
John McManus |
Feb 8, 1911 |
Boston police
officer, Joseph Balk, observed a man, John Shorey, chasing and shooting at
another man, John McManus. Shorey, a sheriff's deputy from Conway, NH,
claimed that McManus, an unemployed immigrant, had stolen his watch.
McManus said Shorey was upset over an argument with a woman, and giving vent
to his anger, had attacked him. Police and a jury chose to believe Shorey
and McManus was sentenced to three years imprisonment for robbery.
Months
later, Shorey returned to Boston, got drunk, and was arrested for engaging
in similar behavior as McManus had claimed. Balk happened to hear of
the arrest and brought his suspicions to the DA. After an
investigation, the DA concluded that McManus was innocent. On the DA's
recommendation, McManus was pardoned on Feb. 28, 1912. (BUSL) (CTI)
[10/05] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Herbert T. Andrews |
1913 |
|
Herbert T.
Andrews was
charged with forging over 40 checks and convicted of forging 17 of them.
Seventeen witnesses came forward and identified Andrews as the man who
passed bad checks to them. While Andrews was imprisoned awaiting trial,
similar bad checks continued to be passed in the Boston area. After police
caught the perpetrator, Earle Barnes, he confessed to passing many of the
checks for which Andrews was convicted. Andrews' trial prosecutor agreed to
a new trial motion and nol prossed the indictment. Writing
afterwards about the case, the trial prosecutor noted that Andrews and the
actual perpetrator “were as dissimilar in appearance as could be.
There was several inches difference in height and there wasn't a similarity
about them. To this day I can't understand the positiveness of those
witnesses.” (BUSL) (CTI)
[10/05] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Gangi Cero |
June 11, 1927 |
|
Gangi
Cero, an
Italian seaman, was convicted of the murder of Joseph Fantasia and sentenced
to death. Following the conviction, Cero's brother discovered a
witness who identified Cero's employer, Samuel Gallo, as the actual
murderer. Gallo had a motive to kill Fantasia while Cero did not.
This evidence secured a reprieve four hours before Cero's execution.
In 1929, Cero was retried as Gallo's accomplice in a bizarre trial in which
each defendant accused the other. Both defendants were acquitted. (BUSL)
(NY Times) [10/05] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Arthur O'Connell |
Convicted 1935 (Boston) |
|
Arthur
O'Connell was
convicted of a sexual attack on a 13-year-old girl. The conviction was
based on the testimony of the victim and her 13-year-old companion. A
month after the conviction the companion confessed that they had perjured
themselves "just for fun." O'Connell had merely stopped to talk to the
girls for a moment. O'Connell was released after a month's
imprisonment. (BUSL) (Not
Guilty)
[10/05] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Deegan Four |
Mar 12, 1965 |
|
Peter Limone, Joseph Salvati,
Henry Tameleo, and Louis Greco were convicted in 1968 of the murder of
Edward Deegan. At trial, the main witness against the four was Joseph
Barboza, a hit man, who later admitted that he had fabricated much of his
testimony. All except Salvati were sentenced to die but were spared when
Massachusetts abolished the death penalty in 1974. Tameleo and Greco died
in prison in 1985 and 1995.
Salvati was
released in 1997 after the Governor commuted his sentence. Limone was
released in 2001 after released FBI documents showed that informants had
told the FBI before the murder that Barboza and another man would soon kill
Deegan, and the FBI was also told after the murder that the same two men
committed it. The FBI also knew that at the time of Deegan's murder,
Greco and his wife were watching a movie at a theater in Miami, Florida.
Deegan was a
small time thief. At the time of Deegan's killing, Tameleo and Limone were
reputed leaders of the New England mob, while Greco and Salvati had minor
criminal records. FBI agents Dennis Condon and H. Paul Rico not only
withheld evidence of Barboza's fabricated testimony, but also told state
prosecutors who were handling the Deegan murder investigation that they had
checked out Barboza's story and it was true. Barboza was the first
person ever accepted into the federal witness protection program. He was
relocated to California, where he was involved in at least two more murders.
Agent Rico was
arrested in 2003 on murder and conspiracy charges in the 1981 killing of
Roger Wheeler, a former World Jai Alai owner. In 2004, he died in an
Oklahoma prison while awaiting trial. John Connolly, Rico's
replacement at the Boston FBI office, faces trial in Sept. 2007 for the 1982
murder of a former World Jai Alai president. In July 2007, Salvati,
Limone, and the estates of Tameleo and Greco were awarded a combined total
of $101.75 million, the largest wrongful conviction award in U.S. history.
(BUSL) (FJDB)
[7/07] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
George Reissfelder |
Oct 14, 1966 |
|
George
Reissfelder
was convicted of participating in the murder of Michael Shaw. Shaw, a
clerk, was shot through the head during a robbery of the Railway Express
office in Boston's South Station.
In 1972, Reissfelder's convicted codefendant confessed to a priest on his deathbed
that he never met Reissfelder before trial, and asked the priest to
apologize to him. In a 1982 hearing, defense attorneys assembled 10
witnesses including the priest in support of Reissfelder's innocence.
Reissfelder's conviction was overturned and charges against him were
dismissed. (BUSL)
[11/05] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Bobby Joe Leaster |
Sept 27, 1970 |
|
Bobby Joe
Leaster served
15 1/2 years of imprisonment for murdering variety store owner, Levi
Whiteside, during the course of a robbery. The victim's wife and a
store customer identified Leaster as the perpetrator. Ballistics
evidence and new witnesses later cleared him. Leaster was awarded a $1
million annuity by the legislature in 1992. (BUSL)
[11/05] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Lawyer Johnson |
Dec 17, 1971 (Roxbury) |
|
Lawyer
Johnson was
convicted of the shooting murder of James Christian, 30, and sentenced to
death. Another suspect in the murder, Kenneth Myers, claimed to have
witnessed the shooting, and identified the photograph of the perpetrator.
When the police told Myers that person he identified was in prison at the
time of the shooting, Myers changed his story and told police that Johnson
was the murderer. Myers told police that he himself had picked up the
victim's gun after the victim was shot, and he took police to the place
where he had hidden the gun. Myers claimed that he was with his girlfriend
when he witnessed the murder, but he refused to divulge her name.
On appeal, the
court granted Johnson a new trial, ruling that Myers should have been forced
to divulge the name of other witnesses who were at the scene of the crime.
At the new trial, Myers' girlfriend did not corroborate his account and a
new witness testified that he saw Myers flee from the scene, but never saw
Johnson. The jury however convicted Johnson again—this time of
second-degree murder. This conviction was upheld on appeal.
Several years
later, a 19-year-old woman named Dawnielle Montiero came forward and
reported that she had witnessed the murder and that Myers was the killer.
She said Johnson was not there that day. This witness had informed the
police at the time of the murder about what she saw, but the police said
that because she was only nine years old, her information was not important.
Based on this new evidence, Johnson was granted yet another new trial.
This time around, the prosecution dropped all charges and Johnson was
released in 1982. In 1983, both houses of the Massachusetts
legislature approved a bill providing $75,000 compensation to Johnson, but
no final action was ever taken on this measure. (BUSL)
[7/05] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Laurence Adams |
Nov 27, 1972 |
|
Laurence
Adams was
convicted of robbing and beating to death MBTA transit worker James C.
Corry during a robbery of cash boxes in the Essex Street subway station. Adams was sentenced to death but the sentence was reduced to life
imprisonment in 1974 after the state's death penalty statute was ruled
unconstitutional. One witness against Adams recanted before her death.
Adams' defense also discovered that a key witness was incarcerated at the
time he claimed he heard Adams confess in a Dorchester home to the murder.
In 1980, Adam's lawyers uncovered concealed statements made to the police of
a witness who identified two men other than Adams as the murderers. Adam's
conviction was overturned in 2004 and he was released on bail. (IB)
[10/05] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Ella Mae Ellison |
Nov 30, 1973 |
|
Ella Mae
Ellison was
convicted of murder and armed robbery in 1974. The crime involved the
robbery of Suffolk Jewelers, a pawnshop on Washington St. in Roxbury.
During the robbery, Detective John Schroeder, an off-duty police officer,
entered the store and attempted to thwart the robbers. He was shot and
killed. The 1997 Boston Police Headquarters is on "One Schroeder
Plaza," named in honor of Schroeder and his brother Walter, also an officer,
who was killed responding to a bank alarm in 1970. In 1976, two key
witnesses recanted their testimony against Ellison and claimed she was innocent.
In 1978, an appeals court vacated her convictions because the prosecutor
withheld evidence that could have exonerated her. Ellison was
released in 1978. (BUSL)
[4/08] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
James Rodwell |
Dec 3, 1978 (Somerville) |
|
James Rodwell was convicted in 1981 of
the murder of Louis Rose, Jr., a drug dealer and the son of a Burlington
police captain. No physical evidence linked Rodwell to the crime. The case
against him relied on two witnesses: (1) Frankie Holmes, an immunized
witness who drove the victim to the murder scene and drove away after the
murder. (2) David Nagel, a prison informant, who had the opportunity to
confer with Holmes prior to trial, when the two were incarcerated together.
Both witnesses faced multiple life felony convictions on various charges.
At trial,
Holmes' testimony conflicted with earlier statements he had given to
investigators and the grand jury. Both witnesses' testimonies were riddled
with discrepancies, inconsistencies, and errors. Nagel was a career
informant. He had been charged with 37 armed robberies in the 1970s, a
number which grew to 59 by the mid-1980s. He managed to sidestep lengthy
sentences by aiding the police with tips and testimony. In prison, Rodwell
had to endure taunts by other inmates, taunts that usually ended with the
refrain, “Another one that Nagel got.”
The prosecution
withheld a police report on a witness who stated another person committed
the crime. The prosecutor and the state police told the witness, “If you
remember what you saw, you will be charged as an accessory.” (Website)
[2/08] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Christian Amado |
Feb 4, 1980 |
|
Christian Amado was
convicted of the shooting murder of 28-year-old George Sneed. The
conviction was due to testimony that an eyewitness, Frederick
Johnson, had selected a photo of Amado, had identified the assailant as
"Bugsy," and had associated the name "Bugsy" with Amado.
When called to testify, Johnson readily answered a series of question on the
sequence of events leading up to the murder. However, his testimony
became evasive and confusing when asked about his previous identification of
Amado. The prosecutor had to repeatedly refresh Johnson's
"recollection of events," by showing him what purported to be a transcript
of statements he had given to police. Johnson appeared to deny
identifying Amado and claimed that he had selected Amado's picture because
it "looked familiar." The prosecutor never asked Johnson if Amado was
the killer. On cross-examination by defense counsel, Johnson denied that Amado
was the killer or was present at the scene of the killing. Three
detectives were called as witnesses and testified to Johnson's previous
identification of Amado.
According to Amado's attorney, "The eyewitness in the
case identified a photo that looked like Amado, but when he came into court
and saw my client he said he knew Amado wasn't the killer." In 1982, an appeals court ruled that the trial court
erred in presenting contrary testimony to prove identification. It
reversed Amado's conviction and directed a verdict of acquittal. (BUSL) (Com
v. Amado)
[4/08] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Ulysses Rodriguez Charles |
1980 |
|
Ulysses Rodriguez
Charles, a
Trinidad native, was convicted of raping three Brighton women. Charles
has asserted that he was targeted by a police officer who had a vendetta
against him. DNA tests exonerated him in 2003. (BUSL)
(IP)
[10/05] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Angel "Sammy" Toro |
Apr 19, 1981 (Dorchester) |
|
Angel S. Toro was convicted of robbing a Howard Johnson's Motor Lodge in
Dorchester and murdering a
clerk, Kathleen Downey, 47, during the course of the robbery. The
crime occurred on Easter Sunday. The
conviction was overturned in 2004 after two prosecution witnesses recanted
their testimony and authorities admitted that a key police report was never
given to Toro's counsel. Prosecutors dropped charges against Toro due to
lack of evidence. [11/05] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Peter Vaughn |
Jan 6, 1983 |
|
Peter
Vaughn served
three years for an armed robbery of a Star Market. Security cameras
showed that the same perpetrator robbed the market two months later, when
Vaughn was in custody. Nevertheless, the trial court denied a directed
verdict of acquittal and the jury found him guilty. An appeals court
reversed Vaughn's conviction, and entered a verdict of acquittal. The
court found that the “only rational explanation” for the evidence was that
“the same person was involved in both robberies” and that Vaughn could not
have committed the second one. (BUSL)
[11/05] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Louis Santos |
Sept 28, 1983 (Dorchester) |
|
Louis
Santos was
convicted of the armed robbery and felony murder of 32-year-old Colleen
Maxwell. Maxwell, a social worker, had been escorting Charles Bartick,
a retarded man with Down's syndrome, from a group home to the Ashmont MBTA
station. Near the Ashmont station, three men robbed Maxwell of her
purse. Maxwell then pursued the purse snatchers, but one of them shot
her a few blocks away. Santos was convicted because of Bartick's
extra-judicial identification of him as one of the purse snatchers.
His conviction was overturned in 1988 because of this identification
and because the trial judge refused to order a
competency evaluation of Bartick. On retrial, Santos was
acquitted. (BUSL)
(Google) [4/08] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Christina Hill |
Aug 11, 1987 |
|
Christina
Hill, 17, was
convicted of poisoning to death 2-year-old Henry Gallop. Hill was convicted
after Boston Herald reporter Michelle Caruso coerced a friend of Hill,
Leslie Limehouse, 19, to give perjured testimony against her. When retried,
Hill was acquitted. [11/05] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Shawn Drumgold |
Aug 19, 1988 |
|
Shawn
Drumgold was
convicted of the shooting murder of 12-year-old Darlene Tiffany Moore.
Moore was caught in the crossfire of gang violence at the intersection of
Humboldt Avenue and Homestead Street in Roxbury. Drumgold was freed in
2003 after several prosecution witnesses told The Boston Globe
newspaper they'd been bullied by police into providing false testimony. The prosecutor, David E.
Meier, said the state would not apologize to Drumgold for his 14 years of
wrongful imprisonment. (TruthInJustice)
[4/08] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Marvin Mitchell |
Sept. 22, 1988 |
|
Marvin
Mitchell was
convicted of abducting an 11-year-old girl from a Dorchester bus stop and
raping her. The victim initially described her assailant as
clean-shaven and cross-eyed, but Mitchell was neither. DNA tests
exonerated Mitchell in 1997. (BUSL)
(IP)
[10/05] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Christopher Harding |
Aug 18, 1989 |
|
Christopher
Harding was
convicted of two counts of assault with intent to murder for shooting and
wounding Deron Jones and firing on pursuing police officers.
Harding was released after serving 7 years imprisonment, but a federal grand
jury investigation cast doubt on the conviction. In Dec. 1997, a judge
granted Harding's motion for a new trial citing “serious questions about the
veracity” of police testimony at Harding's trial. In Jan 1998,
prosecutors declined to retry Harding. Harding sued the police for
causing his wrongful conviction by perjured testimony and in Jan. 2000, the
city settled the suit for $480,000. A month later, the police
department fired Officer Terrence O'Neil for “for lying under oath and other
breaches of department rules during the [Harding] case.” (BUSL)
[11/05] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Neil Miller |
Aug 24, 1989 |
|
Neil
Miller was
convicted of raping an Emerson College student. Miller had been
convicted of a non-sexual crime, and the victim picked his photo out of a
mug book. Miller claimed that he had never seen the victim before nor
been in her apartment. In 1997, he was denied parole because he
proclaimed his innocence and refused to enter treatment for sexual deviance.
DNA tests exonerated him in 2000. Miller subsequently sued the police
and the City of Boston, claiming damages for a conspiracy to convict him
with fabricated evidence and perjured testimony. In 2006, Miller was
awarded $3.2 million. (BUSL)
(IP)
(Frontline) (JD31
p13) [10/05] |
| Suffolk County, MA |
Guy Randolph |
Dec 1990 |
|
Guy Randolph was convicted of
sexually assaulting a 6-year-old girl. The girl did not initially
recognize Randolph as her assailant. However, a few minutes later,
after talking to her aunt, she accused Randolph. During a grand jury
investigation, the girl described her assailant in ways that did not match
Randolph, including his clothing and height. There was also no
physical evidence connecting Randolph to the assault.
At his lawyer's
request, Randolph entered a Alford plea in which he did not have to admit
guilt in exchange for a time served sentence of 4 months plus 10 years of
probation. Randolph later failed to show up for an alcohol counseling
session, a condition of his probation. A judge then incarcerated him
for the remainder of the 10 years. Following Randolph's release, he
had to register as a sex offender. In 2008, after prosecutors said the
case against Randolph was so weak it should not have been pursued, a judge
exonerated Randolph of all charges and declared him innocent. (Boston
Globe) [6/08] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Anthony Powell |
1991 |
|
Anthony
Powell was
convicted of raping a teenage girl. The assailant kidnapped her at
knifepoint and after raping her, demanded that she show up the following
night at a Chez Vous skating rink with $100. Powell happened to be at the skating
rink the next night and was identified by the girl as her assailant. DNA
tests exonerated Powell in 2004. (IP)
[10/05] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Donnell Johnson |
Oct 31, 1994 (Roxbury) |
|
Donnell
Johnson, then
16, was convicted of murdering Jermaine Goffigan, 9, as Goffigan was
counting his trick-or-treat candy Halloween night. Johnson was cleared
in 1999 after new witnesses came forward in a federal probe. Gang
members apparently shot Goffigan when they were firing bullets at a rival
gang member. Two gang members were indicted for the murder in 2001.
(BUSL)
[10/05] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Marlon Passley |
Aug 11, 1995 |
|
Marlon
Passley was
convicted of murder and assault. He allegedly was a helmeted
motorcycle passenger who fired on a group of six youths, killing Tennyson
Drakes, and seriously wounding two others. Passley was identified by
four of the victims in court. Passley was cleared in 2000 after the
real perpetrator was identified and indicted. (BUSL) (JD04)
[10/05] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Stephen Cowans |
May 30, 1997 (Jamaica Plain) |
|
Stephen
Cowans was
convicted of charges related to firing a bullet into Sgt. Detective Gregory
Gallagher's buttocks using the officer's own gun. The conviction was based
on fingerprint evidence, but it was later determined that the fingerprint
that allegedly matched Cowans, came from a hostage of the real shooter. The
officer and another witness identified Cowans as the assailant, but the
hostage witnesses who spent the most time with the assailant disagreed. The
Boston Police Department technician who processed and matched the
fingerprint had been suspended for ten days in 1992 after he was caught
drunk without his pants along the Charles River. DNA tests exonerated
Cowans and he was released in 2004. In 2006, Cowans was awarded $3.2
million. (IP)
(IB)
(Boston
Globe) [10/05] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Kenneth Conley |
Convicted 1998 |
|
Kenneth
Conley, a
Boston police officer, was convicted of perjury for testifying that he did
not observe the police beating of a shooting suspect in 1995. The suspect
happened to be an undercover officer. The conviction was overturned in 2000
because the prosecution withheld evidence that the witness against Conley
expressed doubts about his memories and suggested that he be hypnotized.
[11/05] |
| Suffolk
County, MA |
Billy Leyden |
Mar 2001 (East Boston) |
|
Billy
Leyden was
convicted of the decapitation murder of his brother, Jackie Leyden.
Billy went to Jackie's apartment on March 12, 2001, but his brother was not
around. A week later, on March 19, he went again, smelled a horrid
stench, and found Jackie's decapitated body under a bed. The body had
been decomposing for at least a week. Police fixated on
alleged inconsistencies in Billy's story and on fights Billy had with his
brother. They also found a piece of "fatty tissue" with Jackie's DNA
in Billy's car trunk. The DNA could be explained as Jackie often rode
in Billy's car, sometimes putting bags and dirty laundry in the trunk.
Billy was exonerated three years later, after a serial killer, Eugene
McCollom, confessed to
the murder and led police to a skull that was found in
a park near Ft. Lauderdale, FL. DNA tests confirmed the skull was
Jackie's. McCollum had known Jackie from
Alcoholics Anonymous meetings, but his motive for killing him is unclear. (Sun-Sentinel)
[4/08] |
|